Sector	Category	Abbr.	Years	Spatiotemporal Resolution	Developer	Contributor	Email	Dataset Summary
Energy	Power industry	ENE	2000-2023	Annual, 0.1°	Shilong Luan	Wenping Yuan	yuanwp@pku.edu.cn	Energy sector CO₂ emission data set, including electricity, oil refining, manufacturing, transport, construction, fuel fugitives, a total of 6 elements. The data is in GeoTIFF format, with a temporal resolution of one year and a horizontal spatial resolution of 0.1°. The original data comes from the energy balance table in the China Energy Statistical Yearbook. The IPCC guideline method is used to calculate the annual CO₂ emissions of thermal power generation, detailed industrial energy use, etc. The EDGAR grid distribution is used to divide the spatial pattern. The emission factors recommended by the provincial greenhouse gas guidelines are used, which are more in line with China's reality.
	Oil refineries and transformation industry	REF_TRF
	Combustion for manufacturing	IND
	Transport	TRP
	Energy for buildings	RCO
	Fuel exploitation	PRO	2000-2023	Annual, 0.1°	Shilong Luan	Fei Teng	tengfei@tsinghua.edu.cn
Industrial processes and product use (IPPU)	Cement production	MIN	2000-2023	Annual, 0.1°	Peiyang Ren	Wenping Yuan	yuanwp@pku.edu.cn	The China Regional Cement Production Carbon Dioxide Emission Dataset provides gridded data on carbon dioxide emissions from cement production in the region. This dataset is formatted as GeoTIFF, with a temporal resolution of one year and a spatial resolution of 0.1°. It is an important tool for greenhouse gas accounting and management in China, aiding the low-carbon transition and sustainable development of the cement industry. The dataset is based on provincial cement production data from national statistics, utilizing the IPCC inventory method to calculate carbon dioxide emissions from cement production in each province. By analyzing the location distribution and production capacity shares of individual cement plants, the dataset ultimately derives the carbon dioxide emissions associated with cement production at each facility, resulting in gridded data for carbon dioxide emissions in industrial cement production. The original data is sourced from the China Statistical Yearbook, the "2006 IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Guidelines", and the Spatial Finance Initiative Global Cement Database.
	Chemical industry	CHE	2000-2023	Annual, 0.1°	Shilong Luan	Wenping Yuan	yuanwp@pku.edu.cn	CO₂ emissions from chemical industry production, including CO₂ emissions from soda ash, ethylene, synthetic ammonia, calcium carbide, and methanol production. The data is in GeoTIFF format, with a temporal resolution of one year and a horizontal spatial resolution of 0.1°. The original data comes from the China Statistical Yearbook, and the emissions are calculated using the IPCC Guidelines method. The spatial grid distribution is obtained according to the EDGAR grid distribution.
	Metal industry	MET	2000-2023	Annual, 0.1°	Shilong Luan	Wenping Yuan	yuanwp@pku.edu.cn	CO₂ emissions from the steel industry. The data is in GeoTIFF format, with a temporal resolution of one year and a horizontal spatial resolution of 0.1°. The original data comes from the China Statistical Yearbook, and the emissions are calculated using the IPCC guidelines. The spatial grid distribution is obtained according to the EDGAR grid distribution.
Agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU)	Land NBP	LAD	1980-2023	Annual, 0.1°	Weimin Ju, Zhangcai Qin, Xuhui Wang, Yanzi Yan, Yuxing Sang, Hao Zhou, Xiaosheng Xia, Jiangzhou Xia, Wenping Yuan, Xu Yue, Qiuan Zhu	Weimin Ju, Xuhui Wang, Yanzi Yan, Jiangzhou Xia, Wenping Yuan, Xu Yue, Qiuan Zhu	BEPS: juweimin@nju.edu.cn ORCHIDEE-MICT: xuhui.wang@pku.edu.cn LPJ-GUESS: yanzi.yan@pku.edu.cn IBIS: yuanwp@pku.edu.cn iMAPLE: yuexu@nuist.edu.cn TRIPLEX-GHG: zhuq@hhu.edu.cn Forcing data: xiajiangzhou@163.com	The land net biome production (NBP) of China was simulated by the six process-based ecosystem models (BEPS, IBIS, iMAPLE, LPJ-GUESS, ORCHIDEE-MICT, and TRIPLEX-GHG). All the models were forced with the same forcing and following the same experimental protocol. More importantly, we developed a multiple-data fused land-use and land-cover dataset to more realistically capture the rapid expansion of forests since 1980 in China. It's important to note that the NBP does not take into account carbon emissions from wildfires. The multi-model ensemble mean values from simulations by the six process-based ecosystem models to indicate land carbon sinks  to avoid the simulation bias of any individual model. The dataset covers the period 1980-2023 with a temporal resolution of each year and a spatial resolution of 0.1°.
	CO₂ emissions from biomass burning	BMB	2012-2023	Annual, 0.1°	Zhengyang Lin	Xuhui Wang	xuhui.wang@pku.edu.cn	The China Wildfire Emission Dataset (ChinaWED) is a specialized wildfire emission dataset for studies in China. It is derived from burned area data and emission factors, with records commencing in January 2012 and continuously updated. The burned area data integrates fire information from the MODIS burned area product and FIRMS VIIRS S-NPP active fire records. Combustion efficiency is determined by fixed thresholds corresponding to land cover types. Emission factors are sourced from previous studies conducted in countries and regions within and around China. Fuel loads are measured using a high-resolution aboveground biomass product. ChinaWED has refined the calculation of burned areas and emission factors specifically for China, particularly accounting for the significant number of agricultural fires. In comparison to other global fire emission datasets, ChinaWED reports higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions than those based solely on burned area data but lower than those based on fire radiative power (FRP).
	Lakes	LAK	2000-2023	Annual, 0.1°	Shilong Luan	Lishan Ran	lsran@hku.hk	CO₂ emissions from lakes and reservoirs are in GeoTIFF format, with a temporal resolution of years and a horizontal spatial resolution of 0.1°. The original emission data are collected from literature, and the areas of lakes and reservoirs are respectively based on the Chinese Reservoir Dataset and the Chinese Lake Dataset. Using machine learning, we first construct the environmental elements in the water body (pH, DO, DOC, CODMn, TN, TP, Tur, and EC), and then further derive the CO₂ emissions from lakes and reservoirs.
	Reservoirs	RSV
	Harvested wood products		1992-2100	Annual, national	Daju Wang	Wenping Yuan	yuanwp@pku.edu.cn	The carbon emission dataset for harvested wood products (HWPs) in China covers delayed carbon emissions from six types of wood products: fuelwood, paper and paperboard, wood-based panels, solid wooden furniture, and structural constructions. Utilizing the classification of HWPs provided by statistical data for 1992-2022, this dataset estimated the delayed carbon emissions up to 2100 from HWPs based on IPCC methodologies with China-specific activity data. It includes annual carbon changes of HWPs in use and end use. Unlike the rapid release of carbon from harvested crops into the atmosphere, carbon in HWPs is stored in different types of products and is gradually released back into the atmosphere at varying turnover rates. Thus, tracking the long-term dynamics of wood carbon provides a better foundation for assessing climate mitigation potential and for greenhouse gas management within the forestry sector.
Lateral transport	Lateral river transport		1901-2022	Annual, provincial	Haicheng Zhang	Haicheng Zhang	zhanghch59@mail.sysu.edu.cn	This is a dataset of lateral carbon transfer along the land-river-ocean continuum in China from year 1901 to 2022. It includes the lateral fluxes of particulate organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon and dissolved carbon dioxide (CO₂) between land, rivers and coastal seas caused by soil erosion and leaching, as well as the CO₂ emission from inland waters to the atmosphere and the carbon deposition on river beds and floodplains. The original lateral carbon fluxes were simulated by the land surface model ORCHIDEE-Clateral, and this dataset provides the statistical results at the national and provincial scales.
	Wood trade		1995-2022	Annual, national	Xi Li	Wenping Yuan	yuanwp@pku.edu.cn	The biomass carbon dataset for wood imports and exports in China (1995-2022) encompasses six wood types: wood-based panels, paper and paperboard, recovered paper, sawn wood, wood charcoal, and wood pulp. Data were sourced from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) statistical database. Carbon conversion factors provided in the 2013 Revised Supplementary Methods and Good Practice Guidance Arising from the Kyoto Protocol were used to convert the volumes of wood imports and exports into biomass carbon. This dataset offers a reliable basis for studying the impact of wood trade on the carbon cycle. It also provides scientific support for forest management strategies.
	Food trade		1961-2021	Annual, national	Peiyang Ren	Wenping Yuan	yuanwp@pku.edu.cn	The China Regional Food Trade Carbon Migration Dataset provides data on the carbon transferred through the import and export of food products in the region. With a temporal resolution of one year, this dataset plays a crucial role in greenhouse gas emission accounting, low-carbon policy development, and food trade carbon footprint analysis. The dataset is based on the import and export quantities from the FAO Food Balances dataset, along with the carbon content for each type of food. By multiplying the trade data with the respective carbon content, it calculates the total carbon transferred by food exports to China and food imports from China. The original trade data is sourced from FAOSTAT, while the food carbon content data comes from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA ARS) and relevant literature.